Артикли a, an, the

{
  "questions": [
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">This is [[answer]] book.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 0
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Book — исчисляемое существительное в единственном числе, предмет называется впервые."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">She is [[answer]] engineer.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 1
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Перед названием профессии в единственном числе нужен неопределенный артикль; engineer начинается с гласного звука."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">He works as [[answer]] teacher.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 0
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Перед названием профессии teacher употребляется a."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">I need [[answer]] umbrella.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 1
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Umbrella начинается с гласного звука."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">We stayed in [[answer]] small hotel.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 0
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Перед small слышится согласный звук; речь об одном из отелей."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">They bought [[answer]] old car.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 1
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Выбор an определяется гласным звуком в начале old."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">She has [[answer]] useful idea.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 0
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Useful начинается со звука /j/, поэтому нужен a."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">Please wait for [[answer]] hour.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 1
        }
      },
      "explanation": "В hour буква h не произносится: слово начинается с гласного звука."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">He is [[answer]] honest person.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 1
        }
      },
      "explanation": "В honest начальная h не произносится."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">My sister is [[answer]] university student.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 0
        }
      },
      "explanation": "University начинается с согласного звука /j/."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">I saw a cat. [[answer]] cat was sleeping.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 2
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Кошка уже упомянута в предыдущем предложении."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">We bought a house. [[answer]] house has a red door.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 2
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Речь о том самом доме, который мы купили."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">There is a letter on my desk. [[answer]] letter is for you.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 2
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Письмо уже названо, поэтому нужен определенный артикль."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">I have two bags: a red one and a blue one. [[answer]] blue bag is mine.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 2
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Из двух известных сумок выделяется конкретная синяя."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">There is only one window in this room. Please open [[answer]] window.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 2
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Окно единственное в указанной комнате и понятно собеседникам."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">I can see [[answer]] moon tonight.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 2
        }
      },
      "explanation": "При обычном упоминании Луны употребляется the."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">[[answer]] sun rises in the east.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 2
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Солнце — единственный такой объект в обычном контексте."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">This is [[answer]] best answer.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 2
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Перед превосходной степенью best нужен the."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">She was [[answer]] first person to arrive.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 2
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Перед порядковым числительным first в этой конструкции нужен the."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">We live on [[answer]] second floor.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 2
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Сочетание с порядковым числительным: on the second floor."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">[[answer]] water is essential for life.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 3
        }
      },
      "explanation": "О воде говорится в общем; неисчисляемое существительное употребляется без артикля."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">I enjoy listening to [[answer]] music.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 3
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Music в общем значении употребляется без артикля."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">[[answer]] dogs need regular exercise.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 3
        }
      },
      "explanation": "О собаках говорится как о группе в целом."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">She speaks [[answer]] English fluently.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 3
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Название языка после speak употребляется без артикля."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">They live in [[answer]] Canada.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 3
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Название Canada обычно употребляется без артикля."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">We are visiting [[answer]] London.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 3
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Название города London употребляется без артикля."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">He plays [[answer]] football after school.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 3
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Название вида спорта после play употребляется без артикля."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">We have [[answer]] breakfast at seven every day.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 3
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Обычное название приема пищи в сочетании have breakfast употребляется без артикля."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">My father goes to work by [[answer]] bus.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 3
        }
      },
      "explanation": "В выражении by bus артикль не нужен."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">She goes to [[answer]] bed at ten.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 3
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Go to bed означает ложиться спать и употребляется без артикля."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">[[answer]] information you sent me was useful.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 2
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Речь о конкретной информации, которую прислал собеседник."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">[[answer]] water in this bottle is cold.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 2
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Уточнение in this bottle выделяет конкретную воду."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">[[answer]] books on that shelf belong to Anna.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 2
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Указана конкретная группа книг на той полке."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">I like [[answer]] tea, but I do not like coffee.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 3
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Tea обозначает напиток вообще, без указания на конкретную порцию."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">We visited [[answer]] United Kingdom last year.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 2
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Название страны употребляется с артиклем: the United Kingdom."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">The Nile flows into [[answer]] Mediterranean Sea.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 2
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Названия морей употребляются с определенным артиклем."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">She plays [[answer]] violin in an orchestra.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 2
        }
      },
      "explanation": "В традиционной конструкции play the violin перед названием инструмента употребляется the."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">I need [[answer]] piece of advice.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 0
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Advice неисчисляемое, но piece — исчисляемое существительное в единственном числе."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">There is [[answer]] European restaurant near our office.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 0
        }
      },
      "explanation": "European начинается с согласного звука /j/."
    },
    {
      "content": "<p lang=\"en\">She sent me [[answer]] email about the meeting.</p>",
      "widgets": {
        "answer": {
          "type": "fill_choice_big",
          "options": [
            "a",
            "an",
            "the",
            "—"
          ],
          "answer": 1
        }
      },
      "explanation": "Email начинается с гласного звука."
    }
  ]
}